A Comprehensive Analysis of Unfair Labor Practices in Pakistan from the Perspective of National and International Law

Abstract

The foundation of civilization is the worker class, which propels economic expansion and advancement. Pakistan continues to engage in unfair labor practices despite international obligations and constitutional requirements. This study explores the underlying reasons of these practices, emphasizing the structural issues that workers confront and the inadequacies in the implementation of labor laws. Although protection against gender discrimination, child labor, forced labor, and unjust pay is guaranteed by Pakistan's Constitution and international agreements, corruption, ignorance, and a lack of effective institutional structures sometimes cause the reality to differ. The report examines labor rights abuses and pinpoints opportunities for improvement using a qualitative methodology that includes stakeholder comments, legislative legislation, and case law analysis. The literature analysis highlights the discrepancy between current legislation and its implementation, highlighting significant problems such child labor, gender-based discrimination, and unfavorable working conditions. Actionable tactics, such as improved labor inspections, technology integration, and cooperation between the public and commercial sectors, are revealed by comparison with industrialized countries. The findings of this study offer suggestions for improving awareness, fortifying enforcement, and bringing Pakistan's labor laws into compliance with global norms. As a guide for legislators, academics, and labor rights activists, the report seeks to promote fair labor standards and help establish a just workplace in Pakistan.